The Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass is done laparoscopically by making a few small incisions on the abdomen to allow access to the stomach. A small stomach pouch is created, decreasing the capacity (size) of the stomach. A portion of the small bowel is rerouted to the new pouch, bypassing the top portion of the bowel, this causes malabsorption, which causes a decrease in the number of calories that are absorbed from the food that is eaten, and it also affects the hunger hormones
Success Rates
Following gastric bypass surgery, patients can expect to lose an average of 60-80% of their excess weight. According to the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, success rates with bariatric treatment are high. However, it is imperative for participants that elect to have a surgical weight loss intervention to realize upfront that surgery is not a “quick fix.” Still, it is a tool for success, just like diet, exercise, and follow-ups with their health care team members. To have successful outcomes, patients should expect to commit to a lifetime of managing not only their weight but overall health.
Risks
As with any surgical procedure, risks are involved, including but not limited to: risk of bleeding, reactions to anesthesia, blood clots, and infection, as well as a risk of leaking from the staple sites along the stomach. Long-term risks associated with gastric bypass are developing gallstones, marginal ulcers, an internal hernia, dumping syndrome, and nutritional deficiencies.
Before deciding on bariatric surgery, individuals will need to consider the lifelong commitment to a healthy diet, exercise, and behavior habits.